What are dental onlays and inlays?

Dental inlays and onlays are restorative dental treatments used to repair and strengthen damaged or decayed teeth, particularly when a traditional dental filling may not be sufficient. Inlays and onlays are custom-made restorations that are typically crafted from durable materials like porcelain, composite resin, or ceramic. They are designed to fit precisely into or onto the affected portion of a tooth. Here's the difference between dental inlays and onlays:

Dental Inlays

  • Inlays are used to repair and restore the inner cusps (the raised points) of a tooth, particularly when the damage or decay doesn't affect the tooth's biting surface.

  • They are placed within the tooth's chewing surface (occlusal surface) between the cusps.

  • Inlays are ideal for repairing moderately sized cavities or damaged areas within the tooth.

  • They are often used when the affected area is too large for a standard dental filling but not extensive enough to require a dental crown.

Dental Onlays

  • Onlays, sometimes referred to as partial crowns, cover a larger portion of the tooth's chewing surface and extend over one or more cusps.

  • They are used when the damage or decay affects a larger area of the tooth and may involve one or more of the tooth's cusps.

  • Onlays are considered more extensive restorations compared to inlays and are used when the tooth's structural integrity is compromised but does not warrant a full dental crown.

  • Onlays provide greater protection and strength to the tooth than inlays.

Here's an overview of the process for receiving dental inlays and onlays

  • Diagnosis: Your dentist will perform a thorough examination, including X-rays, to assess the extent of the damage or decay and determine whether an inlay or onlay is the appropriate treatment.

  • Tooth Preparation: The damaged or decayed portion of the tooth is removed, and the tooth is prepared to receive the inlay or onlay. This preparation involves shaping the tooth and removing any remaining decay.

  • Impression: An impression or mold of the prepared tooth is taken. This impression is sent to a dental laboratory, where the inlay or onlay is custom-made to precisely fit the tooth.

  • Temporary Restoration: While the permanent inlay or onlay is being fabricated, a temporary restoration may be placed on the tooth to protect it.

  • Fitting and Bonding: Once the inlay or onlay is ready, it is placed on the tooth, and your dentist will ensure that it fits correctly. It is then bonded to the tooth using dental cement.

  • Polishing: The restoration is polished to match the contour and shade of your natural teeth, providing a seamless appearance.

Dental inlays and onlays offer several advantages, including durability, preservation of natural tooth structure, and the ability to withstand biting forces. They are an excellent option for restoring teeth with moderate damage or decay and provide long-lasting results when properly cared for through good oral hygiene practices.